Indonesia tradition and culture

There are many forms and concepts of communication since ancient times (Ancient) until Today (modern) including Madura either consciously or unconsciously as an aspect communication. American Indian tribal communities and tribes in Madura in Indonesia sometimes ways to communicate naturally and tend to the conventional mystical, far from science and technology but are equally effective results as well as more humane and perhaps according to the multi-faceted
them.

Bull is the Madurese community communications media, for informed during the planting season when the season began to rain, a time when other media such as, TV, radio and print media are still rare. Currently the communication medium beef karapan has moved towards developing the sport aspect and the development of tourism in synergy with other information media, and leave the main aspect agriculture as a natural communication medium. People are more interested in show the cow in the contests and event tourism.
One of the concepts of communication is setting the agenda. Emperis research on the theory Agenda Setting McCombs and Shaw conducted in 1972. They write, among others : "The impact of media on the ability to induce cognitive change among individuals individuals have been dubbed as the agenda setting function of mass communication. Here lies The most important effects of mass communication, the ability of media to create the world structuring we. " McCombs, and Shaw (in Grace, 1988:260).
Agenda Setting Theory begins with an assumption that the mass media to filter the news, article, or writing which will airing. Selectively, editors, editorial staff, even determine which journalists themselves newsworthy and which should
hidden. Any incidents or issues were given particular weight with long presentation
(Time and space), prominence (headline size, location in the newspapers, the frequency appearance, the position in newspapers), and conflict (how to presentation materials). Because readers, viewers and listeners get most information through
mass media, the media agenda relating to the agenda of the community (public agenda).

Known to the public agenda by asking members of society, namely what they think, what they are talking with others, or what they perceive as a problem to attract the attention of the community center (community cilence). In addition to the agenda setting theory, there is a mass communication theory is widely accepted, namely the theory of Social Categorization, The Theory of Social differentiation (Defleur and Ball- Rokeach), in Deddy Mulyana states "social classification can be
based on identity, ethnicity, religion, sex, social class, residence (rural / urban)
and so forth. Various studies involving various social categories such
shows that the membership of people in a particular group raises
an important impact on their behavior.
The principle of this communication seems to have affected the Madurese community behavior, shift in the view karapan cow as a medium of communication in agriculture
Madura. Madurese community in an era of rapid change and globalization demanded
to vote. Read More..

If I were a boy
even just for a day
I'd roll out of bed in the morning
and throw on what I wanted and go


Drink beer with the guys
and chase after girls
I'd kick it with who I wanted
and I'd never get confronted for it
cause they stick up for me

*
If I were a boy
I think I could understand
How it feels to love a girl
I swear I'd be a better man
I'd listen to her
Cause I know how it hurts
When you lose the one you wanted
Cause he's taking you for granted
And everything you had got destroyed

If I were a boy
I would turn off my phone
Tell everyone it’s broken
So they’d think that I was sleepin’ alone
I’d put myself first
And make the rules as I go
Cause I know that she’d be faithful
Waitin’ for me to come home (to come home)

back to *

It’s a little too late for you to come back
Say its just a mistake
Think I’d forgive you like that
If you thought I would wait for you
You thought wrong

But you’re just a boy
You don’t understand
Yeah you don’t understand
How it feels to love a girl someday
You wish you were a better man
You don’t listen to her
You don’t care how it hurts
Until you lose the one you wanted
Cause you’ve taken her for granted
And everything you have got destroyed
But you’re just a boy

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Indonesia has many diverse socio-cultural. Specifically, socio-cultural situation in Indonesia is complex, given the Indonesian population numbering more than 200 million people in 30 tribes of unity. Indonesia has 67 parent culture that spread from west to east of the archipelago. Indonesia consists of 6000 inhabitated islands, besides the total of about 13,667 islands. From the above statement can be known that Indonesia is a country which rich with natural resources and overflow cultural resources.

Indonesia is a versatile multi-nation, whether it is a multilingual, multicultural, and multireligious. All that resources, if managed properly can be used as the potential for prosperity for the people and advancing our nation. Culture in the classical perspective was defined by Koentjaraningrat, as a whole system of ideas, actions and results of human work in the framework of community life which made the human identity that is obtained by way of learning.

In that sense, the culture includes everything that is the whole idea, intention, and the work of human beings, including the objects of human creativity and invention. Examples are traditional dance, traditional songs, and other local arts gained by learning. But in a more contemporary anthropological perspective, culture is defined as a system of symbols and meaning in a human society in which there are norms and values about social relationships and attitudes that become the identity of the communities concerned. Both classical and kontenporer perspective recognizes that culture is a self-identity that will differentiate with other nations. Therefore there should be a hereditary preservation so that copyrights, wills, and human works are not lost.

Factors That Cause the Cultural Shift

The causes that originated from the community itself are:
1. Increasing or decreasing population.
2. The existence of new discoveries.
3. Community opposition
4. The occurrence of rebellion or revolution.

The sources from outside the community, namely:
1. The causes that originated from the physical environment that surrounds human.
2. War
3. Effect of culture in other societies.
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In this era of globalization (kesejagadan) such as archaeological remains now occupy important positions. This is not because of the physical form of buildings of archaeological objects but rather reflected the values of these archaeological objects. Various archaeological resources in many countries has aroused researchers, lovers of culture, lover of antiques and unique culture to come and witness the remains of the past.

In the centuries to the Roman Emperor 3-4 Horodatus has lured the uniqueness of the region remains in Egypt. Similarly, during the XV-XVI centuries Renaisanse many Europeans who came to the archaeological remains either from Europe or in the outer region. Even buildings that resemble a mountain in Sumaria called zigurat has attracted experts from Sweden, England and others.

Piles of stone that menggunduk at Borobudur, Prambanan, Sewu and others have been of special interest to the Dutch experts to re-establish the building during the dark days before the war. Ancestral remains in the form of the megalithic tradition and other archaeological remains has become a tourism potential. Basis of tourism development is the potential of cultural resources, cultural diversity, art and natural charm.

Arkeolgi tourism development via the object must be implemented through local empowerment approach (community-based tourism development). Megalithic tradition in the use of Pagar Alam to tourism to keep in mind the views Setiyawati Edi said that tourism development must be supported by the culture industry.

Cultural industry is anything that produces a product of cultural messages. This means that the product serves as a means of delivery of messages that can influence the thinking of understanding, penganggapan, attitude, bias and appetite in humans who consume it (Edi Sedyawati, 2003). The result, among other books, films, tapes and other music. For those reasons, in promoting tourism in Pagar Alam need books or movie information and other information materials.

Thus the local community as the beneficiary can and want to learn, know, understand and utilize cultural resources (megalithic tradition) Pagar Alam. Besides directly book can also be used by policy makers as a reference and the handle in the management of cultural resources in this megalithic tradition Pagar Alam. To obtain knowledge of the megalithic tradition packaging Pagar Alam, need for tourism research of archaeological objects (Archaeological torism).

Progress is based on archaeological tourism can be witnessed in many countries including Egypt, China, India, Cambodia Object Tourist Destination (destination) because it basically focuses on the tourism attractiveness of the object ie the uniqueness, rarity, scarcity, splendor, privileges, etc. . Megalithic tradition Pagar Alam has the quality and quantity that meets the requirements of tourism.

Pagar Alam archaeological remains can basically be used for improving the economy through tourism. Tourism market aimed at cultural and archaeological resources is very diverse. Prentice (1993) argues that the market segment of tourism can be divided into 5 categories:

1. A group of researchers among academic / scientific (educated visitirs)
2. Professional groups
3. Family group
4. Groups of students / schools
5. Travellers with nostalgia motivation.

The five groups of tourists are related to the utilization of cultural resources and archaeological resources with huge potential in addition to emphasizing the natural attractions of beauty / natural charm. Business tourism, business tourism can be distinguished which can be grouped into the scale of the reach of primary and secondary coverage scale. Primary range covers domestic tourism. Archaeological remains in Pagar Alam apparently can be grouped into two primary and secondary coverage. Because of the reach of primary and secondary coverage of each region or country that can promote tourism through archaeological resources must consider these
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Meaning of the importance of the past in the life of the nation has been said by Sartono Kartodirdjo (1968) as follows:

"The Sekaran is actually none other than the continuation

or extension of the past, which in many

shapes are still visible in the middle of us. Various

circumstances and problems today are not possible

completely understandable, if not known background

historical, is the origin, perkembanganya on

time ago "

The statement has maksut that the various values of life, the noble who lived in the present, as will develop in the future is essentially a form of continuity from the indigo-life and the noble nation in the past. Past noble values that are noble civilization should imitate. To learn, know, recognize and understand the value of past life it is necessary to increase the knowledge of things past through educational channels.

In a business introduction, understanding and penghayatqan to values that never existed then the need for packaging information and the process of understanding that must be pursued through education starting from the earliest proteges. Teaching and learning process through education, culture and archeology should be placed as a result perwujutan copyrighted works, and intention to enhance the dignity of our ancestors, the degree and dignity of the nation, improving quality of life of the nation, strengthen its identity and personality strengthen self-esteem and national pride.

The success of education not only creates an intelligent man but must also consider the probable and moral nation that can only be done with the planting of indigo-noble values of the nation. Education that works is that can menstrasfer noble values of the past in the life of nation and state.

Thus the importance of cultural and archaeological remains of prehistoric termaksut in Pagar Alam, has been the object of teaching and learning materials at the level of S1 to S3. archaeological remains in Pagar Alam has been a concern for scientists in the field of prehistoric archeology in particular and general culture.

Through education, the various mysteries surrounding the archaeological remains are known, known, understood, and expect to be used secarqa maximum. With education the results of the past remains in Pagar Alam can enrich the national kebudayan. Even the culture of the past in Pagar Alam, which contains the value of the noble life can be utilized in developing nations (nation building), this agrees with the view RP.soejono who said that "the sense of beloging" reasonable owned by masrarakat who wants to build his own.

Megalithic remains in Pagar Alam role in strengthening the culture of toughness and resilience of nations that bermura on cultural identity (cultural identity). Even a role in forming the whole Indonesian business. Noble values contained in the megalithic Pagar Alam based on the spirit of togetherness and mutual cooperation. Grahame Clark said that "a way to find archaeological objects that are tangible memento of the history of ground water has been successfully present the evidence needed to strengthen the" sense of belonging "."

Education refers to the nation's culture has a strong frame to strengthen jadidiri of personality, a sense of unity and cohesion, unity and mutual assistance and other more mainstream of development that focuses only on purely economic. This does not mean that development which aims to improve economic needs are not important. Development-oriented nation and highlight the culture are expected to do well. This can be witnessed on Japanese businesses to build their country. In the late Meiji era reforms to the nineteenth centuries Japan has made the modernization of the culture to maintain the independence of the country.

Another example of Prime Minister Mahatir Muhammad tried to cultivate cultural values in the form of "diligence, discipline, loyalty, the promotion of interst group rather than individual, high quality and good management system in bussinis" as the process of civilizing the nations wither and enhance their competitiveness . (Moeljarto, in 2002). Similarly, Mahatma Gandhi has been put copyrighted works and wills of their nation. Rhodesia had become Zimbabwe menguba the name of the country by exploiting arkeologinya sala-one remains to be used as unifying the nation. From these examples, the region with its rich cultural Pagar Alam and arkeologinya can encourage the progress of society.

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Megalithic tradition remains is information about the life of our ancestors past with all its aspects. With archeology can be proved that the Indonesian nation was still allied with bangadi Southeast Asia, Cambodia, Filifina, Malaysia, Brunei Darussalam and others. With archeology (megalithic tradition) can be seen that the nations in Southeast Asia and the Pacific having a cultural and linguistic heritage of the nation which is the Austronesian language speakers.

With evidence of a relationship culture, language and beliefs will be utilized in fostering friendship, unity and unity among nations in Southeast Asia and even enhance friendship and peace between them. Megalithic tradition remains can be used as one criterion that a nation (Bansa Indonesia) have equality with the nations of the Asia Tenggfara bansa even in the world. As evidence remains arkeoligi form of Borobudur temple, and the site of a filter has been appointed as a world heritage (world haritage) which of course the nation of Indonesia.

Inca culture and civilization in America is a nation remains the world has memberiakn kesohoran and kebanggaaan nation. Similarly, in China Great Wall became the world's attention is good for scientists, researchers and tourists. Even in this era of technological progress that has been accomplished cangih western nations have had bound them in a vicious circle of life as a robot, they were saturated and empty meaningless lives eventually lose much of their personality and identity, they lived without restraint as an escape boredom and emptiness. In such circumstances, many citizens of developed countries who wanted to find identity and genuine personality. Because the identity and personality and originality can only be found on archaeological objects, then they mencarin on archaeological remains which is considered as an origin (David, 2001).

Termaksut archaeological remains of megalithic tradition has given the spirit of national culture and art. Various forms of the work of various ethnic groups pahar field of art, painting, carving and others are always given "identity" by archeology (megalithic) on the works of Indonesia. For example other forms of decorative patterns of the past from prehistoric times, provides a strong inspiration in the works of art of various tribes of Indonesia. It can be seen in the Land of Batak, Minangkabau, South Sumatra, Lampung, Toraja, Borneo, and others. Decorative geometric patterns, patterns of flora and fauna HIA and natural objects from the development of the megalithic tradition alive and growing until recently. Through the noble values contained in the megalithic tradition which developed in Pagar Alam and other places in Indonesia, which is expected to give way regionalism as a vehicle for unifying the nation. This can be done with reference to the policy are:

1. Eliminating the major cultural characteristics of minority groups are different, made into a kind of national culture.
2. Required the creation of national loyalty by not eliminating various kinds of local culture or policy of "Unity in Diversity" (Kodiran, 2003).

Experts say that many community development and nation, or commonly called the "whole Indonesian nation-building" should be based on a "cultural nation" (termaksut archaeological therein). Such views will lead to the desire and suggest the existence of interest to recognize, know, understand and create the culture and build the nation together with attention to its cultural roots. Cultural and archaeological knowledge (termaksut megalithic) is currently experiencing dynamic and continuous process in the sense of what has been produced in the past will be sustainable in the present and even future. The basic principle of this continuous process that gave birth to a desire to know kepurbaklaan or past peoples and cultures.

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Fences Megalithic Nature and Ideology

Pagar Alam archaeological remains can be utilized in improving the lives of the nation and state to build the nation and to enhance a sense of belonging as dikemukankan by (Grahame Clark) "in a way to find archaeological objects that are tangible memento of the history of ground water has been successfully presents the evidence needed to strengthen the "sense of belonging" (Clark, 1960). Archaeological and cultural experts such as Haryati Soebadio, edi Setyawati, R, P, Soejono, (Grahame Clark), has placed the archaeological remains as a result of the work, inventiveness, taste and strength, and intention that is the pride and priceless. It contains archaeological remains noble values, so it can maintain friendships, have evidence that can strengthen the identity and personality, strengthen the resilience of culture and others. Therefore, according to experts containing archaeological remains noble values should imitate.

Referring to the view in Sedyawati edi-day seminar on "culture of research and development strategy in Indonesia," states that "the life of the nation remains nuanced and based on past history" can be taken here that the remains of archaeological significance be one of support and hope that the archaeological remains is smoke which is very important for the current revival of this nation in a state collapsed. Sebgai remains the nation's cultural heritage, archaeological remains in Batang already included in the assets of the State and have been put in an authentic interpretation of the 1945 Constitution which says "national culture is the culture that arises as the fruit of the cultivation of all Indonesian people. Long as the original culture and the cultural peaks in the regions throughout Indonesia as of the cultural nation.

Cultural development effort should lead towards the progress of civilized, cultural unity by not rejecting the new materials from foreign cultures that can develop or enrich their own national culture and the heightens the degree of humanity Indonesian nation. "Thus it can be concluded that the remains of the megalithic tradition or perasejarah Natural fencing is a multi-function remains, among others, to strengthen the identity and personality, national pride, confidence, unity, progress adap, culture, and so this lain.hal still can be proven in various regions when a large stone building society membangub eg Toraja, Sumba, Sabu, and others. Identity and personality in landasi noble values should be in the Model to form the nation's personal life and children who can be accountable.

Leon Portilla an expert from Mexico said that a nation which has no identity and personality, that the people will be swayed by keingginan laindan nation's most dangerous nation is easy tuduk reflect. Thus, identity and personality noble nation must be able to continue in the Model and in the next kegenerasi. Megalithic tradition that remains is the result of culture fathers must be a trigger to increase the sense of belonging (sense of belonging) that are critical in nation-building (nation building) as in the saying by Grahame Clark.

Archaeological remains have the sublime values of life are manifest in the nature of mutual cooperation, togetherness, unity, tolerance, mutual help, feel kinship sepenanggungan and others. This is a part of life that reflects the identity and personality. Personality nation has grown and developed since thousands of years ago. In the process of construction of large stones to worship, and the burial may not be made without the landasi by solidarity, mutual cooperation, unity, tolerance, mutual aid and other help.

Era of globalization, which causes the influence of "Americanization" growing cause negative cultural life. Even cultural globalization is making the nations of the world and Indonesia in particular get a bad impact. This must be based on immediate "resistance" is to look for, find (reidentifikasi) or revive (revitalization) nation noble values, reflected and embodied in culture and archeology. Thus the culture children are expected to be the nation back to the original kesifat precious and valuable cultural greatness. True nature does not mean outdated. Archaeological resources in Pagar Alam Pasemah particular and in general as well as archaeological remains elsewhere Indonesias mempuyai strengths in various aspects:

* Increase self-esteem and confidence
* Enhance national pride
* Improve and strengthen the identity and personality
* Increase the idea of friendship
* Increase sense of belonging (sense of belonging)
* Increase the sense of nation building (nation building)
* Enhance national unity

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